New Weather Monitoring Network gives real-time picture of conditions across island

GREAT BAY--The Meteorological Department of St. Maarten (MDS) says its expanded network of automatic weather stations is giving forecasters a more detailed, real-time picture of conditions across the island, strengthening weather forecasting, early warnings, disaster preparedness and long-term climate planning.

Department Head Joseph Isaac, during a presentation on the new weather observation system, explained that reliable forecasting begins with accurate observations. The new monitoring network, funded by the National Recovery Program Bureau (NRPB), allows MDS to collect information from multiple locations rather than relying primarily on observations from one site.

“Reliable weather information can start with accurate observation,” Isaac said, explaining that the network provides MDS with a clearer picture of conditions across St. Maarten.

Automatic weather stations continuously measure conditions at specific locations and transmit the information for meteorological use. The stations collect data including temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind direction and speed, air pressure and solar radiation.

The wider monitoring network also includes rain gauges and air-quality sensors, while a tidal gauge is expected to be installed.

Isaac said the expansion is particularly important because weather conditions can vary considerably across St. Maarten despite the island’s small size. Heavy rainfall may be occurring in one district while another area remains relatively dry, with similar variations possible in wind and temperature.

“With stations at different locations, we can now observe these variations and better understand the different microclimates across St. Maarten,” he said.

The expanded network provides MDS forecasters with locally collected weather information in real time, allowing them to monitor changes around the island as they occur. The observations can also contribute to numerical weather prediction and the broader forecasting process.

Isaac said the additional information becomes particularly valuable during severe weather and hurricane season, when timely and accurate observations can support earlier warnings and give emergency authorities and the public more time to prepare.

The benefits are also expected to extend beyond daily weather forecasting. Aviation and marine operators can use more reliable local information to support their activities, while disaster management authorities can use the data when preparing for hazardous weather and identifying vulnerable areas.

According to Isaac, the information will also support St. Maarten’s movement toward impact-based forecasting, which focuses not only on what weather is expected but on the possible effects those conditions could have on communities and infrastructure.

Rainfall observations could additionally assist VROMI with monitoring and managing pond levels, while other government agencies and stakeholders can use locally generated data to support planning and decision-making.

Over time, MDS expects the network to build a stronger historical record of weather conditions across different parts of the island. This could improve understanding of St. Maarten’s microclimates while supporting research, development planning and assessments of future weather and climate risks.

“Better local data supports better informed decisions, stronger preparedness, and a more resilient St. Maarten,” Isaac said.

He added that the network will strengthen MDS' ability to monitor weather, air quality and sea level while improving the information available for forecasts and warnings.

MDS is also asking the public to help protect the monitoring stations, stressing that the equipment and the information it generates are important national resources.

Data from the automatic weather station network is expected to become available through the MDS website at www.meteosxm.com. Members of the public and stakeholders may also make special data requests to the department by calling 545-4226.

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